Monocrystalline
- Efficiency: 19–22%
- Appearance: Black, uniform
- Cost: Premium
- Lifespan: 25–30+ years
Updated May 2026 · Incentives included
Solar Panel Cost Calculator
Estimate solar panel installation costs, monthly energy savings, tax credits, and payback period for your home.
Average solar installation: $12,000–$35,000
Quick Solar Savings Estimate
Enter your bill, home size, city, and roof type — results update instantly.
Advanced Solar Cost Calculator
Fine-tune usage, roof condition, sun exposure, battery storage, financing, and ZIP for localized results.
How Solar Panels Work
- Panels generate electricity from sunlight on your roof.
- The inverter converts DC power to usable AC for your home.
- Your home uses solar first; excess can feed the grid or charge a battery.
- The utility meter tracks imports and exports (net metering where available).
Solar Cost by System Size
Typical installed price ranges before federal tax credit (updates with city selected above)
| System size | Avg installed cost |
|---|
Solar Savings by State
Estimated monthly savings and payback for a $220/month bill · asphalt roof · full sun
| State | Avg savings | Payback |
|---|
Solar Panel Types
Compare efficiency, appearance, cost, and lifespan
Polycrystalline
- Efficiency: 15–17%
- Appearance: Blue speckled
- Cost: Mid-range
- Lifespan: 20–25 years
Thin-film
- Efficiency: 10–13%
- Appearance: Low-profile, flexible
- Cost: Lower (more area needed)
- Lifespan: 15–20 years
Solar Battery Storage
Backup batteries keep essentials running during outages and can reduce peak-time grid use. Tesla Powerwall and similar systems typically add $10,500–$15,000 installed per unit in 2026.
- Backup power: Lights, fridge, Wi‑Fi during grid outages
- Self-consumption: Store daytime solar for evening use
- ROI: Strongest in high-outage areas and time-of-use rate plans
- Pairing: Most batteries qualify for the 30% federal tax credit when installed with solar
Toggle battery storage in the advanced calculator to see updated totals.
+$10,500–$15,000
Typical add-on per battery (e.g. Powerwall-class)
Roof Suitability for Solar
Best roof types
- Asphalt shingles (most common, cost-effective mounts)
- Standing seam metal (clamp mounts, no penetrations)
- New or sound composite roofs under 15 years old
Less ideal roofs
- Aging tile roofs needing fragile-tile mounts
- Heavy shade from trees or north-facing only slopes
- Roofs due for replacement within 5 years — replace first
Solar Financing Options
| Financing | Upfront cost | Ownership | Tax credit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cash purchase | High | Full | Yes — 30% federal ITC |
| Solar loan | Medium | Full | Yes — homeowner claims ITC |
| Solar lease | Low | Limited | No — lessor typically claims |
| PPA | Very low | None | No — pay per kWh produced |
Solar Payback & ROI
Typical ownership timeline after incentives
Years 1–7
System payback
Monthly bill savings and tax credits recover your net investment. Payback is fastest in high-sun states with rates above $0.14/kWh.
Years 8–25
Net energy savings
After payback, most savings go straight to your pocket — often $1,200–$2,400+ per year for decades with minimal maintenance.
Solar vs. Utility Costs
Utility rates have risen roughly 2–4% per year nationally over the past decade. Locking in solar production shifts you from renting power to owning capacity.
- Rising electricity prices favor earlier adoption
- Long-term inflation protection on energy
- Stability of ownership vs. rate hikes
Incentives & Tax Credits
Federal solar tax credit
30% ITC on eligible equipment and installation through 2032 for owned systems.
State rebates
Varies by state — California, New York, and others offer additional rebates or SRECs.
Utility incentives
Some utilities offer per-watt rebates or performance payments — check your ZIP.
Net metering
Export credits offset nighttime use where programs remain available.
Transparent pricing
How we calculate costs
Estimates combine national installed-cost benchmarks with metro-specific labor, material, and permit multipliers drawn from BLS wage data, EIA utility rates, NREL solar benchmarks, and RSMeans-style unit costs. City and state pages use the same formulas as our live calculators.
- Material + labor rates calibrated to 2026 U.S. market medians
- 25 metro areas with published multipliers — not generic national averages
- Ranges validated against contractor bids (±10–15% typical variance)
- Updated quarterly — last review
Scottsdale, AZ — Local Cost Context
Prices on this page adjust for Scottsdale-area labor, permits, and climate — not a generic national template.
Labor
Scottsdale commands premium labor rates for luxury finishes, tile roofing, and custom outdoor living. HOA architectural committees are strict — experienced contractors who navigate design review are worth the premium.
Contractor labor runs about 14% above the U.S. average; typical permit fees in our model start around $268 for standard residential work.
Permits
City of Scottsdale Building Services requires permits for roofing, HVAC, and structural work. HOA architectural review is mandatory in most communities before permit submission.
Climate
Desert heat and HOA standards define Scottsdale exterior projects:
- Extreme UV exposure requires premium exterior coatings and tile roofs
- Monsoon wind can damage poorly secured tile and patio covers
- Low humidity increases evaporative cooling options in some areas
Top local projects
- Luxury kitchen remodel — Custom cabinetry and premium surfaces are the norm
- Tile or metal roof — HOA-preferred materials for desert longevity
- Solar + battery storage — Large homes with pool pumps benefit most
Solar Cost Calculator FAQs
How much do solar panels cost?
Solar panel installation typically costs $12,000–$35,000 nationally in 2026 before incentives. An average 8 kW system often lands near $18,000–$27,000 installed; after the 30% federal tax credit, net cost is commonly $12,600–$18,900.
Are solar panels worth it?
Solar is often worth it when payback is under 10 years and you plan to stay in the home 7+ years. High sun states with bills above $150/month frequently see 6–9 year payback after incentives.
How long is the payback period?
Most homeowners see 6–12 years payback after the federal tax credit. Use our calculator for a localized estimate by bill, roof, and shade.
Do solar panels increase home value?
Owned solar often adds resale value — studies cite roughly 4% average home value increase where systems are owned outright and transferable.
What happens during outages?
Grid-tied solar shuts off during outages unless you have a battery or special backup inverter. Batteries add cost but provide outage resilience — see battery storage.